Before You Buy a Chemistry Textbook

Youve gotten the list of textbooks for your course. Before you sell your soul to the bookstore, find out which texts you really need and which ones to skip. Ask yourself these important questions: Will you keep the book? Thumb through the book and ask yourself whether or not you think the book will serve as a handy reference after the course is concluded. If yes, buy it, preferably new. If not, keep reading... Does the course actually use the text? Words to the wise: A book might be listed as required, but that doesnt necessarily mean you have to buy it! Some required texts really dont get used (ask upperclassmen) or can be borrowed. If you dont plan on keeping the book after the class, consider buying a used copy. When in doubt, wait until the first day of class to make a decision. Is this a lab book? Laboratory workbooks need to be purchased and they need to be new. Dont try to sneak in a used laboratory book. Your instructor will not be amused. Is the text available used? Really popular texts are usually available in used form. However, the text is probably popular because it is useful! If you need a book and will use it after the course ends, buy it new. If you are strapped for cash or the usefulness of the book is questionable, buy it used. Will the book help you? Sometimes a book is recommended, but not required. This is true for many study guides. Ask yourself whether or not you will benefit from using the book. Can the book be borrowed? Is it useful enough to buy, new or used? When in doubt, talk with your instructor. Can I afford it? Although this is a good question to raise regarding buying books, it is NOT a question to ask when deciding whether or not to obtain a book. The difference? Buying a book involves money. Obtaining a book might involve money, but it also could include borrowing from a student or professor. I dont recommend sharing important books. If you need a book, then get it!

Essay about The External Environment and Its Effect on...

The external environment in which businesses operate can have a significant effect on their success. To what extent do you think that the external environment in the UK is favourable for businesses at the moment? Justify your answer with reference to external factors and/or businesses that you know. (40 marks) You must include a plan. 3  ½ pages handwritten. Not petrol? Can argue against in evaluation – favourable for some industries but not others Make a point, explain and evaluate (3-4 main points) The external environment for a business is equally as important to its success (or otherwise) as it’s internal environment. This is because external factors will directly impact on the business. These factors are complex and wide†¦show more content†¦For a manufacturing company like Cadbury, a growing UK population is leading to more sales opportunities. Changes in eating habits, with fewer families sitting to eat regular meals together has continued to fuel the ‘on the go’ eating trend, which has lead to the launch of more snacking type product offers, increasing Cadbury’s portfolio of products. Finally, the current and ongoing concern around healthy eating, obesity, sugar and fat intake has necessitated reviews of product recipes, formats and consumer communications. EG there have been a lot more restrictions on advertising to children, which has recently been banned for certain product types. The Technological landscape has seen massive change over recent years and an understanding of this is vital for business owners. This covers areas such as basic infrastructure level, rate of technological change, spending on research development, technology incentives, legislation regarding technology, technology level in your industry, communication infrastructure, access to newest technology, Internet infrastructure and penetration. 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Using “Too much punch for judy” as a stimulus Free Essays

In the second lesson we had to act out ‘A night on the town’ in the form of still images, we did this in a group of four (myself, Luke, Reece and lee). Our stimulus for this task was our own visualisation from reading the script. In the first two scenes we had a split stage, showing two men and two women getting ready for their night out, in doing so we wanted to create juxtaposition; so the audience can clearly differentiate between the two groups of people in the still image. We will write a custom essay sample on Using â€Å"Too much punch for judy† as a stimulus or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the third scene we had to show a still image of the two men watching the two women in the bar we (me and Reece) had to enhance our facial expressions and body language to seem attracted to the women (Luke and Lee). What we did to show that we was interested in the two girls was have our line of sight directly on them, and our bodies had to be very ‘masculine’ and facial expressions were inquisitive, we made this possible by raising our eyebrows and having wide eyes, and our heads were leaned back at an angle, to show that we are ‘checking them out’. Lee and Luke had to close themselves from the audience, and have them facing the floor, to show shyness. We did this to show a typical night out in a bar, it was a convention. Towards the end of the lesson we had to develop the still images into a role play, using chat up lines and other explorative strategies. In the first scene we had both groups getting ready for their night out, at the same time, but this time we added movement, and speech. Myself and Reece playing the two men, was from east London, so we had a typical cockney accent , and slow and heavy movement, to create a sense of presence. To make the two women to start acting, we marked the moment by using the line ‘come on mate, it’s not like we’re ’gonna’ crash. After that line was said that was the cue for Luke and Lee to start their performance, they were two typical women from Essex; with their role play they enhanced the women by having feminine movements and doing typical gestures for example putting on make-up and asking ‘if this outfit looks nice? The next scene involved us in the bar, we stared with the men entering the bar before the women, and they’ve already settled with a drink. With our characterisation we had created two typical men looking for women to chat up to in a bar, we had a calm and smooth tone to our voices to signify this. Once the two women entered the bar, we froze with a still image that we used in the first exercise, to continue the performance I pretended to whisper in to Reece’s ear ‘I’m having the one on the left. We had a spilt stage where the two groups spoke between each other, while the other group mimed in the background. This was done so the audiences could understand what the men and women’s intentions were. Each group talked about their feelings for the person they want to ‘chat-up with, we did this engage the audience as we are revealing our purposes in this performance. To end our performance Reece walked up to Lee and used a ‘cheesy chat-up line’ so we can finish off with a bit of comedy; the line was ‘Hey babe, I’ve got the pencil; and you’ve got the sharpener! Just after that line we went straight into a still image, to show the shock on all our faces as if to say, that was the worst chat-up line used. In another lesson we had to watch a short advertisement about drink driving, and the effects on alcohol on people. We had to create a short awareness advert that shows the effects of drunk driving, and a way to stop driving while intoxicated with alcohol. Our group consisted of, me (driver), Brandon (passenger), Binte (passenger) and Tyrell (passenger). We came up with a basic outline for a performance. The story was the four of us went on a typical ‘night out’ and got drunk and decided to drive home, as soon as I put the key in the ignition we froze, symbolising that I was having a vision, but was unaware of it. We then used realism to imitate us driving along in a key, by doing standard protocols, or missing them and then realising what happened, we did to show the audience that drinking can slower your reaction and thinking process . Then suddenly Brandon announces that he has another drink in his pocket, this causes a brawl in the car as we fight for the drink, then Tyrell, who is the front seat passenger , reaches around and kicks the steering wheel, causing the car to go astray and collide into a tree, to portray the crash we threw our bodies in different directions as if we got thrown out, we did this as it was naturalism, as it’s natural to get throw about in car crash and go in a completely different direction . Then we re-wound the whole journey, including the crash, this was us using physical theatre and cross-cutting, we did this to enhance and engage the audience as it would be much more interesting to watch instead of simply just cutting back to the firs scene. When we got back to the first scene when I put the key in the ignition we stopped, and then we cut out all sound and I had a quick thought track, while the others were miming in the background, I talked about my vision and what is about to happen, we returned to the performance by Tyrell hitting me and saying ‘hurry up lets go’ like he did the first time, to show that this was the real world now. I suddenly said ‘No! We’re not driving’ then suddenly we pictured another car hitting a tree, which would have been us, this was the repellent from driving. How to cite Using â€Å"Too much punch for judy† as a stimulus, Papers

Compare and Contrast Jobs in a Kitchen free essay sample

In the hustle and bustle of working in a restaurant there are key things to always remember, stay organized, keep time, and know what’s going on around you. In the kitchen especially; there is a chain between everyone working. When one link is broken then, the kitchen doesn’t run very smoothly. For example, if a prep cook were to not prep the vegetables needed for a night, then the meals that need those certain vegetables would take longer to prepare; causing others to become less organized with time, and putting a dent into the flow of things. The kitchen has a chain of command. The person in charge is the Executive or Head chef, this person sees over everything that is going on in the kitchen. They are responsible for the menu, staffing and payroll of the kitchen, ordering, plating design; anything that is kitchen related the executive chef is in charge of. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast: Jobs in a Kitchen or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Next is the Sous chef; the Sous chef is like the Executive chefs assistant, when there is something that the Executive chef needs help with the Sous chef is the go to person. The third person is the expediter, this person more commonly called a waiter or waitress, takes and relays customers’ orders to the kitchen; they are also the person that will sometimes finish off a plate with garnish. Fourth is the Chef de Partie or the station chef or also the line cook. This part of the kitchen staff can be broken down in to a lot of sections. The station chef is in charge of a certain area, making or doing something specific. Each component on a plate can be broken down into a station. Station chefs can have their own hierarchy as well, depending on the size of the kitchen, there might be more than one person working at a certain station. Therefore, there would be the Station Chef in charge then they just number off as first, second, or third cook. The fifth person on the command would be the prep cooks; they are responsible for the basic prep of any food needed to create the menu. Last but not least, the kitchen aids are the finial on the totem pole. In most cases this is just the dishwasher and maybe one or two people that can carry out simple, basic, unskilled tasks that may be needed around the kitchen. Working in a kitchen there is one main goal: make the customer happy. Working together as a team to create a tantalizing menu for a consumer to get lost in the way the food looks, tastes, a how it feels when its eaten is the reward of hard work and a job well done.

Eliot And Sylvia Essays - Chapbooks, , Term Papers

Eliot And Sylvia , talking of Michelangelo, a subject so deep that it begs a discussion more serious than that of the chatter at ladies' tea parties. But the women just come and go, discussing the great artist only superficially, and Prufrock addresses the ladies with an air almost of biting sarcasm. Prufrock then decides to switch back to this other, more beautiful world, and he describes the fog rubbing up against the windowpanes. He describes the fog almost as if it were an animal; personifying it and giving even it some sense of feline beauty With Sylvia, the only feeling that is particularly obvious is one of contented pride, as the mother celebrates her baby's birth (Our voices echo, magnifying your arrival) and congratulates it on its newly-found independence. There does seem to be an upset, almost resentful undertone, as the mother says I'm no more your mother/ Than the cloud which distills a mirror to reflect its own slow/ Effacement at the wind's hand. Although she is only pointing out that this is the case, she seems to be nostalgic for the time when her baby was wholly dependant on her. The focus of the poem, however, seems to be on discovery, as is shown by the end: And now you try Your handful of notes;/ The clear vowels rise like balloons. This appears to be a description of the baby crying, but instead of reprimanding her child, the mother acclaims it. This has the effect of showing her contentment due to the baby being able to cry, and her satisfaction with regard to its experimental use of sounds. The new co ming baby is very excited as a child cry, the sound of live and hope, but after a few days later, her child is gone because a miscarry problem, she lost her child. I am no more your mother. In T.S Eliot's the love song of J. Alfred Prufrock self esteem affects his love life greatly. The woman he is in love with is younger than he is and this distresses him. He does not believe that some younger woman could possibly accept him or find him attractive. Expressing any kind of affection to her is awkward and difficult. Prufrock knows what he must say but cannot bring himself to say it should I, after tea and cakes and ices, have the strength to force the moment to it's crisis? (79-80) his apprehensiveness in his love life is very troublesome for him indeed. The debate in Prufrock's mind finally comes to a close when he compares himself to prince Hamlet from William Shakespear's masterpiece Hamlet. Prurock decides he is diplomatic, conscientious, and strives for perfection. However at the same time he tends to lack some sort of mental power fears he is looking like a fool. This is the conclusion he comes to in order to accept his place in society and live life the way he should. Fantasizing of a world where these problems do not exist is a pleasant daydream for Prufrock. He imagines the peaceful world under the sea where social classes do not exist. This shows the internal conflict still occurring within him. Even though he has overcome his problem with his love life, he still has many other worries to contend with. The mermaids a re singing beautifully, but in his opinion, they can not possibly singing for him. His insecurity is still present and seems incurable, his fantasy world is brought to a crashing halt easily. Till human voices wake us, and we drown.(131) His only happiness can be found in daydreams and can be destroyed easily as such. Although giving him temporary relief from the pressures of his life, this dreamlike state is destroyed his heart and only r eturning to the real world will save him. The trauma can happen to anyone similar with Prufrock. Sylvia Plath had been suffer a lonely since a child hood, her dad died when she was eight year old, so lonely is a big problem for her to afraid. Shadows our safety, we stand round blankly as walls. Her comment on motherhood in Morning song tells of her disassociation with it. I'm no more your mother/Than the

The eNotes Blog Thats a Fact, Jack History of theJack-O-Lantern

Thats a Fact, Jack History of theJack-O-Lantern Have you ever seen a flickering light, perhaps over a foggy river or hovering above a misty hilltop, that seems to recede the closer you get to its source?   For hundreds of years, this phenomenon was referred to by several names: Will O the Wisp, Ignius Fatuus, and, Jack OLantern. In 1750, a printed mention of a Jack-O-Lantern referred to a nightwatchman toting a lantern.   All of these incarnations, including our modern use as a fun, often comic, Halloween decoration, actually has very ancient Celtic origins. The old folktale goes like this. Jack, an Irish blacksmith, had the misfortune of running into the Devil in a pub on Halloween.   Jack had drank a bit too much that evening and the Devil thought him easy prey, but the clever trickster made a bargain with the Devil.   In exchange for one last drink, Jack offered up his soul.   Jack didnt want to pay for his drink, so he convinced the Devil to turn himself into a sixpence that Jack could use to buy their drinks.   The Devil changed his form to make payment to the bartender, but Jack pocketed the coin in a bag with a silver cross with the knowledge that the cross would prevent the Devil from changing back.   Once in his purse, Jack only freed the Devil after he agreed not to claim his soul for ten years. Ten years later, the Devil met Jack walking on a country road and told him that he was there to collect his soul.   Jack, feigned compliance, but asked the Devil if he would first climb an apple tree and get him an apple.   The Devil, having nothing to lose, climbed the tree, but as he reached for the apple, Jack pulled out his knife and carved the sign of the cross in the trees trunk. The Devil was unable to come back down until he had agreed never to claim Jacks soul. Some years later, Jack died and went to Heaven.   But he was dismissed from St. Peters gate because he was too much of an unsavory figure to allow in.   He then went to Hades, but the Devil was bound never to claim his soul, and so would not allow him to enter.   Instead, he sent him away with only a burning ember to light his way.   Jack put the coal into a carved-out turnip and has been doomed to roam the Earth in darkness ever since. The Irish began to refer to his damned soul and ghostly light as Jack of the Lantern, and then, simply Jack O Lantern. It has been believed for centuries that on Hallows Eve, evil spirits roam the Earth, Stingy Jack among them. For hundreds of years on that frightening night, the Irish carved scary faces into potatoes and turnips and placed them in windows and doorway to scare away Jack and other spirits.   When the Irish immigrated to the United States, they brought their tradition with them, with one amendment. They discovered that pumpkins had the perfect surface for carving the best frightening faces. Glowing Jack-O-Lanterns came much later, most likely   because of an article published in the  New York Times  in 1900 which recommended lighting a pumpkin as part of the festivities. The suggestion, of course, caught on and now millions of us scoop out pumpkin guts, put a candle in its hollowed-out interior, and wait for our ghosts and goblins to arrive.   Bonus Fact: What was the original reason for dressing up on Halloween? Apparently evil spirits arent all that bright. A simple mask was thought to be able to fool those troublemakers into believing we are not who they think we are.   And maybe were not.

The Relationships Between Politicians and Media Essay

The Relationships Between Politicians and Media - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that empirical research has long confirmed that for most people the mass media are the major sources of information about world events and about political affairs. However, despite television's growing importance as a source of information, regular readers of newspapers continue to attach a great deal of weight to the print medium. Non-readers show a greater dependence on television for political information. Both tables conceal significant variations in responses between readers of 'quality' and 'tabloid' newspapers: the former remain wedded to their preferred medium, using it much more extensively as a means of surveying the world in depth, whilst readers of tabloid newspapers rely more heavily on television and also tend to attach greater credibility to it as a source of news. These tables confirm the centrality of the media for the public. They are the means by which the public acquires information about the world and, more importantly, through which the public derives its knowledge and perceptions of current political and social problems and of the means to their resolution. Traditionally, the study of politics and its relationship to the mass media has focused on institutions and bona fide political actors. Governments, politicians, departments or voting patterns have usually been the political scientists' fodder. When married to an interest in the mass media, the result has been an over-concentration on institutions, structures, and the political à ©lite. à ©lite. While this remains of importance, this sort of approach overlooks the part the mass media play in generating public perceptions of political and social change as well as of policies and decision-making processes. The political significance of the political goes far beyond such questions as 'who controls the media?' and 'how do people get elected?'; even concerns over 'bias' and 'objectivity' are too narrow to take in the full significance of the political Politics and the political infuse all aspects of our lives, our attitudes, and our behaviour. And because the mass media are at the heart of the processes of communication through which 'problems' and their 'resolution' are framed and discussed, they deserve extensive analysis. 5 THE NATURE OF 'MEDIATED' KNOWLEDGE This broad approach to the political significance of the mass media is reflected in many contemporary writings. These emphasize the media's role in providing information-both images and texts-which forms the basi s of public perceptions and responses to events. The media provide, in Blumler's words, 'the informational building blocks to structure views of the world†¦ Table 1.3 Regular readers of: Telegraph, Times, Guardian or FT Express or Mail Mirror, Sun, or Star Main source of news % % % television 32 62 65 newspapers 57 28 24 radio 25 14 14 Table 1.4 Regular readers of: Telegraph, Times, Guardian or FT Express or Mail Mirror, Sun or Star Most believable source of news % % % television 30 59 66 newspapers 35 13 11 radio 20 16 13 from which may stem a range of actions'. 6 Although these 'informational building blocks' combine with a multiplicity of political and social factors to direct an individual's action, they determine the limits of our knowledge and of our perceptions of events and

Essay on lapham's paper FIGURES OF SPEECH Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

On lapham's paper FIGURES OF SPEECH - Essay Example Some of these structures are extremely itemized, making inquiries that oblige data from once in a while got to memory banks. Why does a specialist pose these questions? The specialist is attempting to build a precise picture of your state of wellbeing. Your wellbeing is intensely affected by the past. Your heredity, past practices, past encounters is exceptionally paramount determinants and pieces of information to your current condition. At whatever point you come back to the specialist, he or she hauls out a record which holds all the notes from past visits. This record is a history of your wellbeing. Lapham see plainly that the past matters because this is one of the motivations behind why history is exceptionally vital. Lapham asserts that writing is very significant in learning. He argues that our mind, thoughts and considerations exist in shorthand or schematic structure. Until we illuminate those considerations in their intelligent and syntactic connections. What term could be an exact equivalent word for that idea?), we can undoubtedly miss imperative refinements and associations in knowledge acquisition. Scholars can come to distinguish what they dont yet comprehend when they understand that theyre striving to compose a concise synopsis, and this can help them to bring valuable inquiries up in class. Information technology is progressively influencing our lives in a way which has gotten mundane. The year 2000 has in length been depicted by researchers and storytellers as a time of whats to come, where engineering and innovation might encroach upon our lives significantly more than we could ever have envisioned. As we remained very nearly the new thousand years, this period of electronic enhancement appears to have sneaked up on us without our being completely mindful of any material change. In addition, Lapham argues that â€Å"technology has caused major revolutions in

The Iliad (selections), and The Poem of my Cid Essay

The Iliad (selections), and The Poem of my Cid - Essay Example To begin with, the Iliad is full of heroes. Indeed even as Homer tells the story of both the Greeks and the Trojans, it is clear this story is more a tableaux about heroism than a morality play involving good guys and bad guys. Both sides of the conflict have their villains and heroes and indeed some heroes are more heroic than others. The two most immediate heroic figures that leap from the pages are Achilles, on the Greek side, and Hector, on the Trojan side. In the entire epic, most people would agree that Hector is the more heroic and honorable, even though he is killed by Achilles. Part of these lies in the fact of what Achilles does to Hector after killing him—tying him behind his chariot and dishonoring his body. Even many Greeks believe this is an unpleasant and unbefitting thing to do, although there is no reasoning with Achilles. We see in Homer’s depiction a very complex figure. Achilles is the strongest and best fighter for the Greeks, but he is also impatie nt, childish, and brutish. No one can beat him and everyone is afraid of him, but he is not necessarily a great person. He does however sometimes have a sense of honor as when he is forced back into battle by the death of Patroclus. When he finally decides to reengage with the Trojans he does it not out of his own self-interest but to avenge his best friend. So we see that sometimes Achilles acts selflessly—a quality of heroism—and sometimes he acts selfishly as when he stops fighting and allows Greeks to be killed in battle (including Patroclus) because he is angry at Agamemnon and just decides to sit in his tent and to sulk. We can contrast this behavior to that of the honorable Hector who is defending his home and his family. He is defending his father, Priam, the king of Troy, but he is also deeply concerned about his family. When his wife Andromache tells him not to fight, he answers: "Wife, I too have thought upon all this, but

The mission, values and stakeholders of TESCO

The mission, values and stakeholders of TESCO 1.0 The successful path way to Tesco Tesco started life in 1919 when Jack Cohen started selling surplus groceries from a stall in the East End of London. Mr. Cohen made a profit of  £1 from sales of  £4 on his first day. The Tesco brand first appeared five years later in 1924 when he bought a shipment of tea from a Mr. T. E Stockwell. The initials and letters were combined to form Tes-co and in 1929 Mr. Cohen opened the flagship Tesco store in Burnt Oak, North London. The brand continued its rise in the 1930s when Mr. Cohen built a headquarters and warehouse in North London and in 1932 Tesco became a private limited company. In 1947 Tesco Stores (Holdings) Ltd floated on the stock exchange with a share price of 25p. Tesco showed its expansionary zeal early on by buying up rival shops. In the 1950s the retailer bought 70 Williams stores and 200 Harrow stores, followed by 97 Charles Philips stores and the Victor Value chain in the early 1960s.During the 60s supermarkets started to expand rapidly by selling more products in ever larger stores. In 1961 Tesco Leicester entered the Guinness Book of Records as the largest store in Europe and in 1968 Tesco opened its first superstore in Crawley, West Sussex. Supermarkets revolutionized the way people shopped and by the 1970s Tesco was building a national store network to cover the whole of the UK, which it continues to expand to this day, while also diversifying into other products. In 1974 Tesco opened its first petrol stations, and would become the UKs largest independent petrol retailer. By 1979 total sales topped  £1bn, and by 1982 sales had doubled to more than  £2bn.In 1987 Tesco successfully completed a hostile takeover of supermarket rival H illiards for  £220m. In the 1990s Tesco continued to tighten its grip on the UK with more store openings and an aggressive marketing campaign in an attempt to overtake Sainsburys as the UKs leading grocer. In 1992, the company launched is slogan every little helps, followed by the Tesco Value range in 1993. This was followed by the launch of the Tesco Club card scheme in 1995, helping Tesco to overtake rival Sainsburys as the UKs largest food retailer.1996 saw the retailer introduce its first 24-hour store while it also expanded overseas opening shops in Poland, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia. In 1997 Tesco appointed Sir Terry Leahy as chief executive.Tesco.com was launched in 2000 and the supermarket continued to expand its range of products, which now includes clothes, electrical and personal finance products. In 2004 Tesco entered the broadband market. Two years ago, in 2006, the retailer announced ambitious plans to open stores in the US under the name Fresh and Easy and funded by existing resources. Tesco now operates in 13 countries. Today it reported that group sales were  £51.8bn in the year to February 23 2008. Pre-tax profit rose to  £2.8bn. In 2008 the retail giant took its conquest of the UK one step further by buying up some rival Somerfield stores on remote islands in Scotland, giving Tesco a presence in every single postcode area in the country. As it stands there is only one postcode in the UK in Harrogate in North Yorkshire which does not have a Tesco. At present year 2010 Tesco operates Business Development Commercial Clothing Commercial Food Commercial Non-food Hard lines Corporate Legal Affairs Corporate Marketing Corporate Purchasing Finance Group Security Loss Prevention Information Technology Operations Development Personnel Property Supply Chain / Store Ordering Telecoms Tesco Mobile UK Support Office Distribution Pharmacy Clothing Tesco Bank Tesco.com Identify Toscos Mission, values Of Tesco and key characteristics. Identify key stakeholders of Tesco and show how its stakeholders have influenced these Values and objectives 1.1.1 Definition of Mission, values and key objectives Mission Mission statement is the reason for a company to exist this present business environment. It always makes to feel and belief the top management going in a right path in an organization. Charles Handy (1976) says, A good mission statement inspires employees and provides a focus and direction for setting lower level objectives. Mission statement has to guide employees in making decisions and establish what the organization does. Mission statements are acting a major part in progress of the organization. Value Values are deep-seated beliefs about what is accurate and off beam, and what is imperative and inconsequential. The values held within an organization have an important influence on its goals and the ways, which it works. Last but not the least it represents the institutional philosophy and sustain to the organization. Hales, C. (1993) Objectives Mission, purpose or standard that can be practically achieved within the expected timeframe and with the offered resources, In broad-spectrum, an objective is broader in scope than a goal, and may comprise of several different goals. Objectives are the most basic planning tools underlying all forecast and strategic activities. They serve as the basis for policy and performance appraisals, and act as bond that binds the entire organization mutually. Charles Handy (1976) 1.1.2 Mission, values and key objectives of Tesco Mission of TESCO The mission statement of TESCO PLC is Creating value for customers, to earn their lifetime loyalty. Value of TESCO The value of the TESCO classified into two groups those are: No-one tries harder for customers: Understand customers. Be first to meet their needs. Act responsibly for our communities Treat people as we like to be treated: Work as a team. Trust and respect each other. Listen, support and say thank you. Share knowledge and experience. www.tesco.com access on (01.11.2010) Objective of TESCO All of Tescos objectives unify in with each other. For example; the business will not have any customers if the business is not operating well. Share holders will not invest money in the business, if the business hasnt got any customers. The company will not be able to afford to have any employees working for them if they havent got money being invested in the business. So the objective of the Tesco changes over a period of time due to a range of reasons. Some of these reasons are listed beneath: Competition: Tesco might like to change their objectives, if another competitor moves in the same area. For instance, if Tesco is making a profit of per book, their books might not sell, because the competitor is selling their books cheaper. So in order for the business to survive they would have to put the prices down. For that, Tesco will have to change its objectives probably from making a lot of profit to making enough profit to survive. Internet: Internet is becoming a trend for everyone, so Tesco decided to take an advantage from it and decided to make a website through which they can sell online. Tesco will change their objectives from making sure they get everyone from the local area to buy from them, to selling to everyone in the whole country. It is a social benefit for Tesco. Diversify into non food: Since Tesco has diversified from being a store that only sold food to a non-food supermarket; they have changed their objectives from competing with only markets that sold food to competing with everyone who sells anything, from cars to mobile phone lines. Go for multinational: Since Tesco made their market into an international market; they have changed their objective from, being the leading market in England to being the leading market around the globe. www.tesco.com access on (01.11.2010) 1.2 Definition of Stakeholder These are the specific people or groups who have an interest or a partial stake in the products and services an organization provides. Internal stakeholders include management, other employees, administrators, etc. External stakeholders could include suppliers, investors, community groups and government organizations. Clients / customers are stakeholders as well. 1.2.1 Tesco achieves the objectives of three stakeholders Tesco mainly operates with following stakeholders those are: Customers: Customer Question Time meetings are precious like diamond which is cut and polished. Staff hears customers views on everything from how they are serving customers in their stores to their role in the community. Staff: Staff gives the company their feedback through the Viewpoint staff survey, Staff Question Time sessions and by Staff Forum process. Suppliers: Tesco core value is treat people how we like to be treated, and its something they apply firmly to their supplier to grip the relationship www.tescocorporate.com access on (01.11.2010) 1.3 Responsibilities of Tesco and strategies employed to meet them Tesco are committed to having a constructive dialogue with stakeholders to ensure that they understand what is important to stake holder and allow there selves the opportunity to present their position. Engagement helps them to identify new risks and opportunities to ensure that their long-term strategy is sustainable. In some instances they find that working with stakeholders in partnership can help deliver shared goals. They might not be able to satisfy all stakeholder concerns all the time but through engagement they can do their best to balance competing demands. Tesco know that customers need to be able to trust their business and stakeholder will only trust them if they believe that they are engaging on an appropriate basis with their stakeholders. Tesco programmed of engaging with stakeholders including customers, staff, suppliers, investors, government, regulators, non-governmental organizations and others, there 472,000 employees serve millions of customers around the world. Tesco look after and develop them so they can look after their customers. No one tries harder for customers. Tesco: work as a team trust and respect each other listen, support and say thank you share knowledge and experience Training and development Rewards and benefits Diversity and inclusion Communication Customer service training Health and safety Schoemaker, Paul J.H. (1992) 2.1. Write a report how different economic systems attempt to allocate and make effective use of resources of manufacturing industry. 2.1.1. Definition of Economic System An economic system is one that a society attempts to meet peoples material needs and wants through the production of goods and services. From the countrys point of view, production of goods and services is influenced by the limited supply of such elements as labor, land and natural resources and capital. The scarcity of supply of resources means that the Government has to decide the allocation of these limited resources among competing claims, given the opportunity costs associated with the decision of producing a certain products and services within the economy systems instead of others. The economic system can be classified into four main groups those are Traditional economy: Where decisions about what, how and for whom to produce are based on custom and tradition Free market economy: Where households own resources and free markets allocate resources through the workings of the price mechanism.   An increase in demand raises price and encourage firms to switch additional resources into the production of that good or service   Planned or command economy:   In a planned or command system typically associated with a socialist or communist economic system, scarce resources are owned by the state (i.e. the government). The state allocates resources, and sets production targets and growth rates according to its own view of peoples wants Mixed economy: In a mixed economy, some resources are owned by the public sector (government) and some resources are owned by the private sector. The public sector typically supplies public, quasi-public and merit goods and intervenes in markets to correct perceived market failure Charles Handy (1976). 2.1.2 Definition of manufacturing industry Manufacturing industry refers to the industries which involve in the manufacturing and processing of items and pander to in either creation of new commodities or in value accumulation. The manufacturing industry accounts for a significant share of the industrial sector in developed countries. The final products can either serves as a finished good for sale to customers or as intermediate goods used in the production process. 2.1.3 Economic systems attempt to allocate and make effective use of resources of manufacturing industry. As if I take Tesco as the manufacturing industry there are Different approaches or economies systems are adopted by different countries. Free market economy: government intervention is kept to the minimum while supply and demand and the ability to pay influence decision making. Most decisions are based on market mechanism. For e.g. Tesco sells their own brand goods and service to their own value (Tesco value food, electronics, other Tesco branded items). Command economy: resources are centrally planned and controlled by the government. This, however, means that no freedom for individuals to choose what they produce and what they consume for e.g. Tesco has been instructed by government not to sell Tobacco and alcohol under the age of 18. Mixed economy: A mixed economy combines elements of both free private enterprises and intervention, in varying general external appearance by the state. And also the producing industry will be stable where as the company owned by the public sector (government) and private sector for e.g. the Individual savings Account. www.tesco.com accessed on 01.11.2010 2.2 Explain what is social welfare and industrial policy initiatives 2.2.1 Define Social welfare and how to initiative CSCI (2005) recommends the social welfare is also known as charity programs that lending hand for the needy people and also social welfare helps to develop the environment, education and orphanage. Social welfare does not mean that the deed has to be done by only cash even by planting trees cleaning the surrounding areas donating to the blood campaign visiting to the orphanage to make the children and elders feel happy for example Social welfare policies (Issuing Free Computer) Science has invented many things. The triumphs of science are too many to be counted. Some of the latest triumphs of science are really wonderful. They are quite remarkable discoveries. It has made our life easier by the computer a few years ago. It is considered as the brains of the human beings. It has opened up new vistas. These can make any number of calculations, modes of particulars hypothetical situations can be produced studied. Further to the above mention statement there are people in some places where they have not even seen the computer for their lifetime so in this modern universe they wont be able to survive for those people issuing free computer and educate them in that field. 2.2.2 Industrial policy initiatives (Insurance policy) Suitable accounting financial procedure are adopted to demonstrate current financial viability and to ensure there is effective and efficient management of business. It will service users are safeguarded by the accounting and financial procedure of the industry. Insurance cover is put in place against loss or damage to the assets to the business. Records are kept of all transactions entered into by the registered person There is a business and financial plan for establishment, open to inspection and reviewed annually Insurance cover also act when there is a emergency period such like disaster or loss in the operation Insurance cover is provided for business interruption costs including loss of earnings as well as costs to operator of meeting its contrast liabilities. 2.3 How above mentioned social welfare and industrial policy initiatives can make an impact on an organization and wider community whose main product is computer games? Commercial computer games may be fun and engaging but many critics fear that employing computer games within the classroom may have a negative impact upon learning. Some of the key disadvantages and potential pitfalls of using computer games within an educational context are listed below. Excessive gaming can result in low self-esteem and aggressive attitudes and behaviors such as gambling and stealing to finance play. (Ellis 1990; Anderson and Dill 2000) Computer games can distract from learning as players concentrate on the objective of completing the game rather than using them as a learning tool. As Clarke (2003) observes; computer games require the suspension of disbelief, it may be difficult to retain learning acquired in that state. Excessive time spent gaming could negatively impact on schoolwork (Griffiths 1996). Computer games may have a negative impact upon impressionable young children who are particularly susceptible to copying behaviors and may struggle to distinguish b etween reality and a computer generated environment. Subrahmanyam et al. (2001) suggest that in order for a pupils skills to be enhanced through game playing, players must possess them to some degree already. Stoll (1999) suggests that; time spent in front of a screen could instead be spent, for example engaged in a sport or social activity Loftus and Loftus, (1983) suggest that excessive game playing can cause physical symptoms such as soreness in joints. In many games characters and environments tend to be violent and have stereotyped. Such games can encourage negative and socially unacceptable behaviors such as violence and aggression. (Cooper Mackie 1986) . Some games which are highly engaging and motivational can become addictive (Anderson ford, 1986), and lead to social isolation, (Selnow, 1984) low self-esteem (Dominick, 1984) and poor social interaction skills. The majority of computer games are gender specific. The vast majority of games are male orientated and this may a lienate female gamers and pupils alike. 2.4. You are supposed to select a UK based organization and describe how to evaluate the impact of macroeconomic policy measures and the influence of the global economy on that organizations and stakeholders 2.4.1 Define Macroeconomic The field of economics known as macroeconomics focuses on the behaviors of a national economy, or a regional economy, as a whole. Macroeconomics is a very general field that concerns itself primarily with large scale indicators, such as unemployment rates, and with the creation of models meant to explain relationships between those indicators. Macroeconomics is also considered the complement to microeconomics, which studies the actions of individuals rather than larger scales. 2.4.2 Impact on the on the UK based Organization by the macroeconomic As the above cash study referring to the UK Based organization I am willing to take Marks and Spencer Clothing sector and there stake holder to give you a clear picture how the macroeconomic effect. Pakistan Cloth Exporters Srilanka Cloth Exporters Marks Spencer Clothing Sector China Cloth Exporters India Cloth Exporters Sri Lankan economy has registered a strong growth in the first decade of 21st century, despite suffering civil war from 1983 to 2009 and some major natural disasters. Further to this action srilanka has stopped the exporting to the United Kingdom. Similarly recent disaster in Pakistan and china has stopped distributing their cloth materials to United Kingdom. As provided issue those three countries are unable to export the textile from their own nation but india did not effected so india textile exporters are well aware of the problems the other countries facing so the next step of them will be raising the demand by increasing the value for their product as in the side of marks and Spenser textile sector have no option to go for so they accept the demand of india and marks Spenser buy there textile By getting for the higher price Marks Spencer does not have any option rather than increasing the value from  £4 to  £7 because of this action marks and Spencer will be losing their customer. 2.4.3 Impact on the on the Stakeholder by the macroeconomic Dissatisfaction customer Loosing customer Loyalty Quality Service Risk of losing internal stakeholder Increasing demand on local suppliers Unemployment Increase in the bargaining power of customer and suppliers Losing the shareholder Brand of the company 3.1. What is perfect competition? Select a suitable market structure in practice within your country and briefly explain it and how it deviates from the model of perfect competition 3.1.1 Perfect Competition Perfect competition is a theoretical market structure. It is primarily used as a benchmark against which other market structures are  compared. Perfect competition is an idealized market structure that is not observed in the real world. While unrealistic, it does provide an excellent starting point that can be used to analyze real world market structures. In particular, perfect competition efficiently allocates resources. Perfect competition is a theoretical market structure. Porter, M.E (1980) A market structure in which the following five criteria are met: 1. All firms sell an identical product. 2. All firms are price takers. 3. All firms have a relatively small market share. 4. Buyers know the nature of the product being sold and the prices charged by each firm. 5. The industry is characterized by freedom of entry and exit. Porter, M.E (1980) Further to the above mention detail the below examples might help Mobitel Dialog    Identical product: Mobitel Upahara Dialog Blaster    Free Minutes          :    1000 1000 After 1000 to          :                Rs 0.5 Rs 2.0 Mobitel/Dialog After 1000 to          :          Rs 0.5       Rs 3.0 Other fixed After 1000 to          :             Rs 3.0 Rs 3.0 Other Mobile Monthly Rental      :                Rs 240.0                                                       Rs 300.0 Connection                :                      Rs 1500.0                                                    Rs 1500.0 Share percentage : 47.1% 23.5% Freedom of entry And exit : No Yes Source: Dialog and mobitel websites The reason why the mobitel doesnt have freedom to exit because they are collaborated with government where as the dialog is owned by Malaysian government so they can exit the business whenever they need. 3.2 The relationship between market forces and organizational responses Forces of demand and supply representing the aggregate influence of self-interested buyers and sellers on price and quantity of the goods and services offered in a market. In general, excess-demand causes prices and quantity of supply to rise, and excess supply causes them to fall. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/market-forces.html#ixzz175PFaeVF accessed on 02.11.2010 For example We will take a Tooth paste product for Boots pharmacy in the UK. I am going to analyze how Boots Oral Hygiene department will respond to the market forces. Another reason for seeing the market in terms of market segments is that it allows the business to concentrate on what it is best at. Each of these matching processes is composed of the Marketing Mix. (Kotler and Dubois 1994) Product Price Product base Place Promotion In the above marketing mix the first 4Ps will apply to products base, additional 3Ps will be apply to service base company. However Boots is the Product and service base organisation. Boots provides and take care the people oral hygiene. Product Products are only bought if they bring the benefits that the customer wants. According to Antil (1988) every product has a life cycle. It goes through five stages, Sales grow slowly at the introduction stage when the product is new on the market and few people know of it. Then sales increases rapidly during the growth phase, it is now that competitors enter the market and promote their own products. Sooner or later the rate growth slows. This is the maturity period. And then the market finally declines and the product in its existing form becomes unprofitable. Source: Ansoff (1987) Corporate Strategy Boots Toothpaste is the product offers different kind of features, for example fight against cavity, plaque, tartar and gum problems. Boots has toothpaste for kids, for white teeth, smokers. Boots toothpaste will prevent tooth cavities, exposed root cavities, Fight against bad breath, reduce plaque, reduce gum problems, Strengthen weak tooth enamel, and remove stains. According to Boots annual report (2010) the Oral hygiene products are the fastest growing sector in Europe and in the pharmacies. Boots stores in the UK have seen a 6.2%increase in sales value for their total oral care, Sales continuing show positive growth year on year. 50% of the sales are incremental proving that these brands (Oral Hygiene products) will have positive effect on sales performance. Place: The Boots toothpaste mainly in any Boots chemist, drugstore or pharmacy. Is the Toothpaste available in the right quantities, in the right place, at the right time? Distribution of finished goods which feeds the raw materials to the manufacturer, and there also the internal distribution which occurs within the supplying company itself. Place involves marketing channels through which company reaches its customers getting the right products to the customer at right time. The ultimate purpose of any distribution plan is to make the right goods available to the customer at the right time. And also boots can place their products at departmental stores, shopping mall, Target retailers. Boots toothpaste (New products). Product should store in a clearly labeled area until the date of implementation. Price: How much customers willing to pay? Pricing of product can be illustrated by the Boston grid. During the lifecycle a successful product will progress from the wild cat through the star stage and ultimately become a cash cow. During that process the earning capacity of the product rises. Pricing plan must take account of the role individual products play in the corporate strategy of the company, when a product is new and also during the high growth phase of the product life cycle, price tends not to the customers primary consideration. Demand is high. Price is one of the most obvious indications of the value is placed on a product. Price is taken as an indication of quality. Price can be fix according to its quality, and the quantity of the tube size. Boots should be care full about the fixing price for the toothpaste to get competitive advantage. The UK populations have clear perceptions about price of the product. If it is very low price customer may think the product is low quality, if price is too high they want new product like Boots toothpaste, customers prone to purchase their other familiar product. In that case we need to be balance while fixing the price and also can promote electronic sensitive brush with toothpaste.Boots also can consider remaining 3Ps. Promotion: How Boots can inform or educate groups of customers about its product. Delivering desired message to target group. Innovation within the power toothbrush sector. Like buy one toothpaste gets one toothbrush. Free leaflets, magazine to people about oral hygiene, mouth care etc. Encouraging better oral hygiene routines Boots also can promote to the mix, with gum and mints competing in the oral health and health supplement market. Price promotion to get a competitive advantage Television Advertising (Short) 3. 3 Explain the behavior and competitive strategies employed by an organization and discuss the role of the Competition Commission and regulatory bodies I have taken the same example of Boots oral hygiene product competitive strategies and organization behavior Competitive Analysis Model for Boots Toothpaste plus This model also will help to identify the competitive advantage or differential advantage of the product or company Competitive resources Factors to take into consideration Competitive Superiority Test Its all about research and development for the product before do marketing plan, It determine the competitive advantage. Most marketing department find difficult to convince finance director of that particular company to implement the market plan. The Finance director will argue why should we take risk to developed some product which unsure. Financing directors are act as risk averter. Imitation Test It will reduce the research development cost by imitate the product (existing product) rather than find new. Duration Test Measures to what extent our resources will be produced in the future. This will include such factors as recruitment and training in relation to competitors. Appropriateness Test Boots have enough supplier for its manufacturing department, Can take ingredients from smith blend for prepare the toothpaste for elderly Substitutability Test By introducing Boots Toothpaste Plus, Boots will be a market leader and make competitive advantage. Its something doing different that their competitors Role of the Competition Commission and regulatory bodies The CC replaced the Monopolies and Mergers Commission in 1999, following the Competition Act 1998. The Enterprise Act 2002 introduced a new regime for the assessment of mergers and markets in the UK. The CCs legal role is now clearly focused on competition issues, replacing a wider public interest test in the previous regime. The Enterprise Act also gave the CC remedial powers to direct companies to take certain actions to improve competition; in the previous regime its role was simply to make recommendations to Government.   http://www.competition-commission.org.uk/about_us/ accessed on 11.11.2010 4.1 as a business analyst write a report to g

Raves And Drugs Essay -- essays research papers

Generally people associate raves(Underground Techno parties) with designer drugs like Ecstasy(MDMA), Speed(amphetamine) and other acids like LSD. These drugs are called the Techno Drugs for that reason and most of the time have uplifting and sensatory effects. To understand more clearly the relationship between the raves and these drugs, we first have to understand the philosophy behind the Techno era, and a little about the music. â€Å"Techno, can lift the spirit and become a new world of freedom and peace"(D'Vox Magazine The first electronic music Magazine). Most raves are covered with propaganda about freedom, peace, spirituality and the like. It is no surprise why teens use these specific drugs at raves. "The effects of E, are like a journey to another world, a world of happiness, love and euphoria" (Ecstasy and Mental Health: Nerves or neurosis by Dr. Karl Jansen) These ravers, have many reasons to take E, for example " The music lends itself to the intake of drugs, drugs are common in youth culture, teens need energy to dance all night, the rave scene is bombarded with all kinds of E" (Drug Information Database, www.pharmlink.org/designer/index.html/). "The media has given E and the rave scene a bad reputation, since 30 years ago music has been greatly united with drugs. For example Weed and Rock in the 60's and acid in the 70's." (E for Ecstasy by Nicolas Saunders, ch.1) Ecstasy is just a hard and dangerous as weed, "a drug that 1 out of every 3 highschool students in the American population have had experiences with." (Drug Information Database, www.pharmlink.org/stats/index/main.html/) "Why is E judged so harshly when the ecstasy related deaths can not compare with those related with legal drugs just like tabacco and alcohol." (E for Ecstasy by Nicolas Saunders, ch.2) Of course the media has a lot to do with it, the media takes all the negative effects and doesn't include the positive ones. " ; 29 volunteers where asked to assist Dr. Green, prominent doctor in charge of studies for the BMJ (British Medical Journal), in a study of the effects of E." (Readers Digest article by Russell Twisk editor-in-chief) "Out of those 29 volunteers they all experienced, unpleasant experiences such as nausea, sweating and stiffing" (Readers Digest by Russell Twisk). " Although the voluntee... ... is so complex as to completely determine if E has affected the toxicity in long term users, I believe that it does decrease the level of serotonin in the brain, without destroying serotorgenic axons." (Ecstasy: a human neurotoxin? Interview with Dr. O'callaghan). There have been many studies, some of them trying to prove that E is in fact a neurotoxin and those trying to prove it's not, up to now both sides cannot come up with solid answers to the subject. It is hard to say that all ravers are on E, but certain the majority of them are. " If a raver is not E at a rave, Techno has the same properties (although much less stronger) as some of those drugs. Techno is played incredibly loud and raves have incredible lights that cause euphoria in the most sober of minds". (Techno & Ecstasy: Music and Drugs in the year 2000, Times Magazine by Nicolas Saunders) Although Ecstasy is illegal in every country in the world, I think it will be impossible to stop ravers and t he production of E in underground labs. Since Techno is becoming more popular around teenagers, therefore E is also becoming more and more popular around the clubbing and raving scenes. Word Count: 1337

Culinary Cookware Essay

Sales Promotion is a key ingredient in marketing campaigns which consists of a collection of incentive tools, mostly short term that are designed to stimulate quicker or greater purchase of particular products or services by consumers or the trade. Sales contests/incentives: Aims at including the sales force or dealers to increase their sales results over a stated period, with prizes (money, trips, gifts or points) going to those who succeed Appropriateness: From the findings of the 2003 survey, 50% would buy new cookware even without price discount or a free gift => retailers who are already carrying all the four lines owing to its greater GM compared to competitors, would be induced to promote the brand by featuring, displays, etc. This stimulates sales clerks to push the products further more improving the brand awareness (15% for under $75000 and 25% for above $75000 – much lower than close competitors) as only 15% would consider upgrading to higher end products and improves off-season sales which were very low. Promotion allowances: volume rebate/ quantity discount Appropriateness: There is a possibility of forward buying problem, wherein retailers buy a greater quantity during the deal period and the manufacturer will have to bear costs of extra work shifts. Since the manufacturer is giving a 4% points additional benefit on GM to retailers over the competitors, giving a promotion allowance might not yield as many benefits as anticipated. However, an equal amount could be spent on advertising/display allowances as the channels chosen are upscale kitchen specialty chains, department stores and local specialty stores. Sweepstakes: Sweepstakes involve marketing promotions targeted toward generating enthusiasm to purchase among customers by enticing consumers to submit free entries into chance draws that are tied to product or service awareness wherein the featured prizes are given away by sponsoring companies. As there is no assurance of benefit in this case, the scheme may not be very attractive to entice first-time customers. Also the lottery system promotion may not reflect highly on the ‘Premium’ brand image of Culinarian Cookware. Thus sweepstakes are not a good promotion strategy for Culinarian Cookware Premiums: Premiums are promotional items that can be acquired through proof of purchase. Exhibit 3 states that 20 % of the people would be motivated to buy cookware because of a free gift. Also a free gift does not damage the premium image of the cookware brand and is widely used by other players in this segment. Since the premium can be shipped after receiving proof of purchase, it reduces opposition from trade channels who would not have to block shelf space for the premiums unlike in the case of free gifts Rebates: Rebate is an amount returned on what already has been paid. Rebates may require paperwork submission and this can put off customers. Culinarian cookware distributes through high-end retail channels and invests in well-trained staff to give the best experience to the customers. However, the rebate mechanism requires effort on the part of the customers and can affect the Culinarian premium brand image. Cooperative advertising allowance: Culinarian cookware can give some allowances to retailers who prominently display its products or give it the desire shelf space. Also it can be used to encourage retailers to push Culinarian products to the customers who are unsure about the brand. The lure of getting reimbursement and additional money for doing advertisement for culinarian products on the company’s behalf will motivate Slotting Allowance: In slotting allowance a fee charged to produce companies or manufacturers by supermarket distributors or retailers in order to have their product placed on their shelves. Most of the products sold by Culinarian Cookware is through retail outlets. Also most of the products are in the premium end. So Culinarian Cookware can go for slotting allowance. However it should negotiate with retailers to reduce the margin to industry standard of 48% as against 52% now. Trade shows: Generally in trade shows people look for discounted products. It would not be good for culinarian cookware to sell the products at a discounted rate in trade shows. Howvere it can take part in trade shows to increase awareness especially of its CX1 brand. Point of purchase displays (functional discounts) Culinarian Cookware should not go for functional discounts because they already give retailers higher profit margins of 52% as compared to 48% by its competitors. This is a big enough incentive for the retailers to encourage customers to buy Culinarian Cookware products. Thus, no extra functional discounts are required. Seasonal discount The buying pattern given in Exhibit 2 suggests that there are two peak seasons for the sale of cookware, one during the May- June months and the other during the months of November- December. Thus, seasonal discounts will be very effective in capturing the customers and increase sales because of this buying pattern If we study Exhibit 4, we can observe that the sale of product lines PROX1 and SX1 is higher in the spring season while that of DX1 is higher in the fall season. This cyclical buying pattern tells us that Culinarian Cookware can go for sales promotion twice in a year wherein it can give sales promotion for different product lines in different seasons of the year.

Ralph Ellison’s “On Bird, Bird-Watching, and Jazz” Essay

Analysis on Ralph Ellison’s â€Å"On Bird, Bird-Watching, and Jazz† Ellison’s purpose in this essay is to prove that â€Å"Parker was a most inventive melodist-a true songster† which is evident in paragraph one. He uses the fascination of nicknames to symbolize the achievements of â€Å"Bird† and the impact the nickname had on others. He adds in a joke near the end of paragraph two, â€Å"why, during a period when most jazzmen were labeled â€Å"cats†, someone hung the bird on Charlie.† to show that even though most jazzmen were called â€Å"cats† at the time, Charles earned the name of â€Å"Bird† because he was above other jazzmen, like a bird would hang high above a cat so the cat couldn’t reach the bird. Charles’s talent was so above all the other â€Å"cats†; they couldn’t even reach his level. In paragraph three Ellison compares the goldfinch to Bird. He uses a short apocryphal story of baby Jesus being given a clay goldfinch for a toy and bringing it to life as a metaphor to indicate that Bird brings jazz music to life. The majority of paragraph three is Ellison going through the species of the goldfinch and how it is characterized, then at the end he hits the reader with the problem of why it does not relate to Bird; it’s like the canary. Paragraph four goes on to show the similarities the mockingbird has that connect it to Bird himself. The sentence structure in paragraph four mimics that of a saxophone holding a long, drawn out note. The sentences are long and drawn out, making the reader have to take a breath in between because the sentences are so long which would happen if a jazzman were playing the saxophone. He is connecting the sound of a saxophone to the sentence structure of the paragraph. The last paragraph also sums up the idea that Bird had a complex life but it didn’t minimize his greatness. All of these strategies bring the reader back to the purpose of the essay which proves that Charles Parker was a â€Å"most inventive melodist-a true songster.†

Death of a Salesman by Steven Erickson

Death of a Salesman by Steven Erickson Introduction Authored by Steven Erickson, Death of a Salesman is a captivating must-read chef-d’oeuvre set in New York and Boston in 1948 staring Willy Loman (David Ryan) and Howard Wagner (Isaac Wood). The arena of the theatre is quite recommendable.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Death of a Salesman by Steven Erickson specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Erickson’s choice of using the house with well-positioned and packed apartments was the best to depict the characters as a family that was going through the normal vicissitudes of life. The two amongst other characters share the hallucination that they can achieve the American dream. Willy Loman is an old salesperson who has been largely unsuccessful in his ventures and who has come to the realization that he should not be driving. He returns home from a business trip. Linda his companion advises him to ignore his current occupation as a sales clerk. She proposes to him that he meets his manger to inquire for an opportunity to work in the office. According to her, her husband has to get the job based on his status as a man whom people like. In a sad note, the masterwork ends with tragic demise of Willy. As the piece ends, Linda is in tears following her tragic parting with her beloved husband. In my opinion, the production has been coherent in the sequence of events in the play. The audience cannot miss out that Willy Loman as a frustrated sales clerk is on the verge of committing suicide. The author brought it out clearly to the point when Willy could no longer handle his frustrations. Discussion of Actors playing the Characters in the Play David Ryan acting as Willy Loman is the protagonist and a devoted salesperson. He is a family person with two sons Biff and Happy with Biff having returned home from working in a farm in the West. He believes that Biff can end up being a worth emulating character if at all he can seize and util ize his God-given talent to do what he has some passion for in order to be wealthy and a useful resource in the family. Willy starts to have flashbacks and talking to imaginary people as if in a real conversation with them complaining that Biff and Happy need to wake up and focus on anything that worries them having never witnessed their father in such a state. His whole life shows a lot of potential. However, he portrays himself as having a high degree of self-deception and misguided life goals. According to him, the key reason of living is to gain people’s attraction and possessions. He stands out as a very disillusioned person who has always been consoling himself and his people that things will be better one day. Throughout the play, he appears as a firm believer of the American dream.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although he has never succeeded in any of his attempts in life, he still holds to the myth that any appealing person such as him can achieve his ambitions in life. Finally, this break between his ambitions in life and authenticity of things induces much pressure on him to the extent of tampering with his psychological wellbeing where he recounts his experiences. However, he cannot take anything positive and helpful from such encounters to mould his future. He invests his entire hope in his sons. Worse, life continues to haunt him since his doomed character and unrealized ambitions seem to follow Biff and Happy. Cassidy Moore who plays as Linda Loman comes out as a naive woman as she does not seem to be aware of her husband’s affairs right from his finances to job as his mistress. She stands out as a loyal woman based on how she defends her husbands behavior even when he has attacked her. She remains stanch to him despite the much misbehavior by her beloved partner especially in the part where he engages in extra mari tal affairs with The Woman who plays as Caitlyn Walsh at a tender age, and ultimately killing himself with the misguided conviction that he will find the underlying cause of the family’s tribulations. She has been depicted as the moral center of the play due to her occasionally stern stand. She is not frightened to deal with her children about how they are being mishandled by their father. Her honesty stands out when Willy begins to talk to himself so loudly in the middle of the night to the level of waking up everyone where Linda confesses to her sons that the two are struggling financially and that their father had become suicidal. An argument erupts with Linda accusing Biff as being the source of her husband’s unhappiness. Olexiy Kryvich, as Biff, appears as a lazy character who puts less effort in studies and ends up failing in math. However, he is also loving and caring as he is concerned about his father’s welfare. He wants to achieve in life so that his f ather can regain happiness.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Death of a Salesman by Steven Erickson specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, his strength of mind is evident when he realizes the need to reside abode and toil on his association with his father besides taking the chance to converse with an ex- worker, Bill Oliver, requesting him to provide him with some credit to establish a company. He emulates Willy’s personality of a candid person who yearns to attain the American dream from which his father disastrously leaves. Dakotah Myers who stands as Happy shows some sense of self-importance, ambition, and wild societal expectations by believing in the American dream. Additionally, he is uncouth based on her unprincipled sexual interactions with women of his managers. He epitomes the most horrible elements of Willy’s temperament because of the weight he allocates on pressing on and in his willi ngness to fool himself. He has no value attached to women as they are all sexual vessels to him while those whom he has ever abused being useless and valueless to him. He stands out as a difficult character who will never support other characters’ discussions. In fact, when Willy comes in to quarrel with Biff, he (Happy) comes in arguing that Biff has to meet Oliver to chat about the credit arrangement. Everyone goes to bed expecting to make dreams happen the next day as Willy was also expecting to get the local job. Eric Lewis Johnson, as Charley, stands out as the vote of basis and expedience in Willy’s world of fantasy and mystification. He is straightforward, aloof, meek, modest, and a worth emulating figure. He shows some level of self-confidence. Unlike Willy, he fits himself within the shoes of other people such that none of those he encounters will view him as strange. Charley is also charitable and accommodating since he updates Willy on his persisting predica ment as well as providing him with financial support and working opportunity. Nate Polzin, as Uncle Ben, is Willys older brother who is adventurous and lucky in his business ventures. Being lifeless, he only comes on the stage as Willys thoughts about the earlier periods. He depicts the incarnation of the most conventional feature of the American dream and the misguided credence that a man can reach the wasteland by himself and return affluent.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bernard who acts as Cameron Thorp is Charleys only son. He is gifted and conscientious though he lacks the extroverted qualities of any of Loman’s children. This lack of his sociable nature makes Willy believe that he will never be a true success in the business world. However, he proves to be far more successful relative to Willy’s imaginations. He has qualified as a legal representative to present a legal proceeding before the highest courtyard. Isaac Wood who plays as Howard Wagner is Willy’s boss is an extremely silent but egotistical who inherits his triumph without structuring any valuable decision by himself. The personal association between Willy and his father does not sway him. He does not factor the connection he has with Willy when he announces to him that he cannot get any chance to work in the office as he had requested. Largely, he portrays himself as unsympathetic. In fact, despite Willy’s bad state of affairs, he still fires him. Caitlyn Wash acting as The Woman is Willy’s mistress in Boston. She stands out as manipulative based on how she decides to have Willy has her partner only to misuse him for her personal gains. Lastly, Kristen Carter acting as Jenny is Charley’s secretary. Jordan Stafford, as Stanley, is a waiter at Frank’s Chop House. He is friendly and helpful as he sympathizes with Willy’s plight by taking him home from the restaurant where his sons left him. Lexee Longwell, as Miss Forsythe, is a call girl whom Biff and Happy met at Frank’s Chop House while Tillie Dorgan, as Letta, is a friend to Miss Forsythe Discussion of Design Elements Setting The play is set in the east coast America at the twentieth industrial society that was characterized by financial difficulties and the pressure for success. The pressure is evident following scarcity of jobs and resources to sustain lives of people-a case that leaves other mad. In fact, Willy meets Howard in need of a job. How ever, contrary to his expectations, he does not get it. Rather, he is fired. Troubled by the news, he starts to hallucinate by dialoguing with unseen creatures as he sets off to congregate his two kids at the hotel. As they wait for their dad at the restaurant, Biff tells Happy that Oliver did not see him because he could not recognize him. It finally dawns on Biff that he was mistaken to think he was going to ever get a loan and that his family had false hopes in their whole lives. Again, financial pressure is evident when Willy shows up at the restaurant where Biff is hard pressed to explain to his dad that he did not get the loan without disappointing him. Upon delivery of the disheartening news by Biff, Willy cannot manage the distress. In fact, he can now think about his past accounts such as the time when Biff realized he was having some extramarital affairs with another woman. At this moment, Biff and Happy leave him, as he comprehends the reality. Therefore, she setting show s clearly that America, being the land of opportunity, also has a fair share of challenges as Willy discovers and that it is unable to achieve all its ambitions. However, the staging of the play does not show the socio-economic environment where Willy tries to achieve his dream. Rather, it sticks to his search for his dream only with no detailed reminders of place and time. Music Music manages to set the mood of the play. The melody heard at the opening of the stage can be associated with nostalgia. It connects with Willy’s imagination of the happier life in the past when he had a promise of better things to come in the future. As the act is about to end, there is a calm sound of a flute, which can be viewed as a depiction of Willy’s delusional-blinded assurance in the American reverie. In fact, he remains on the stage alone and distressed following Biff and Happy’s decision to go back home from their outing where their mother quarrels them about leaving their d ad at the restaurant. Lighting Erickson has strategically used light to deliver certain messages to his audience. For instance, the illumination mainly adjacent to the apartments, which can be defined as dim orange, is a clear indication of the sorrow that people have after they have strived hard but never realizing their ambitions in life. In fact, Biff is an epitome of such people who have completely lost hope of their days to come. In other words, their future life is dim. Willy’s situation also matches with the intensity of light. An argument ensues in his family where nobody wants to bring any constructive contribution concerning his pathetic state just as the light manifests. Biff manages to state to the members that he cannot match his dad’s unrealistic expectations since he has failed in life. He even tells his family that it has been living trying to achieve unrealistic dreams symbolized by the dimmed light. Moreover, illumination has also been employed as a s trategy to indicate ambiance and the frame of mind of the characters. When Willy is thinking of his past memories, lighting covers the stage to create a seemingly joyful atmosphere. In fact, a working illustration of the use of lighting is evident following the way Erickson illuminates scenes in the hotel when sorrow dominates it. The use of light again has been used throughout the play to show the unwelcoming environment and situations of the characters who are living in a time when nobody has a reason to smile following the many crises ranging from financial, relationship, family, and even psychological imbalances. It has also been employed as a way of telling the exact position of the happening of any act in the masterpiece. For instance, when Willy begins his hallucinations, Erickson utilizes a unique light to show some variations of his state of mind and time when such scenarios are happening to Willy. A working illustration by Erickson is evident when Willy is meditating about his encounter with The Woman as Linda waits in one of the house apartments and specifically the kitchen. Viewers are not left to question about her absence since the illumination strategy is enough to tell them that whatever is taking place does so when Linda is elsewhere in the house. Sound Sound in the play is used to show the tragedy of Loman’s family by setting the stage at the beginning only to end with Willy Loman regretting his life. It stands out as a crucial element to denote Loman’s historical times when he could boast of joy and hope before things turned worse on his side. In addition, Ben’s key music is indicative of him being the figure that Willy adored as a source of his hope in life. Sound has also been employed to enhance appreciation of the characters and the scenarios in the work thus preparing the minds of the viewers of the tone of the happenings of things in the work as evidenced by Ben’s scenario to indicate feeling. Conclusion In my opinion, the director to some extent does not capture the audience with suspense mostly because even the title of the play gives away everything about the play although the audience is left anticipating witnessing how the death of the protagonist will occur. One can also learn very early in the play that Willy Loman, the main character in the play, has failed in his professional life and that he is suicidal thus making the audience predict that he is destined to kill himself even before he does it. He spoils the play by killing himself at the end of it well before the conclusion although his decision to kill himself for the $20,000 insurance money comes as no surprise since the event is out rightly foreshadowed throughout much of the dialogue. However, the director has been effective in the sense that Willy Loman, unlike other characters in the play who seem not to offer much, delivers most of the themes through his complicated tangle of regrets and undying hopes, which make the play effective in delivering its message to the audience.

Media Bias Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Media Bias - Research Paper Example The first step in challenging biased news coverage is documenting bias. Here are some questions to ask yourself about newspaper, TV and radio news (Thiere 50). Political coverage often focuses on how issues affect politicians or corporate executives rather than those directly affected by the issue. For example, many stories on parental notification of abortion emphasized the "tough choice" confronting male politicians while quoting no women under 18--those with the most at stake in the debate. Economics coverage usually looks at how events impact stockholders rather than workers or consumers (Thiere 50). [The bias] is not the result of a vast left-wing conspiracy [there is] an unconscious â€Å"groupthink† mentality that taints news coverage and allows only one side of a debate to receive a fair hearing. When that happens, the truth suffers. A reporter’s job is to present a balanced story. As you read, listen to and watch news stories, you probably already notice stories that you think are biased. To see if they really are biased, you need to determine if the story falls into at least one of the several forms in which bias oc curs (Fahri). There are several types of bias. To start with is bias by omission: For every news story that is selected, there are many others that are left out. Do the news stories you see show a balanced view of real life? What are the characteristics they have in common? (e.g., are they mostly about violence, famous people, and wealth?) Do some news sources include items that are ignored by others? (Fahri) The other form of bias is bias by emphasis: What stories are on the front page or â€Å"at the top of the hour?† Which stories get the largest headlines or the first and longest coverage on TV or radio? Consider how this placement influences people’s sense of what is important. Bias by use of languages when the use of labels such as â€Å"terrorist,† â€Å"revolutionary,† or â€Å"freedom fighter†

Operations Management group work assignment Essay

Operations Management group work assignment - Essay Example Each group should have an item for producing and a leader who coordinate the production process. The over and underproduction problem could be addressed by understanding the actual number of items required in the market on a daily basis. It means that prior production students should investigate the number of orders that they should meet per day so as to avoid the problem of wastage or to run out of stock. Students could solve the problem of missing necessary ingredients in their products by having a kitchen recipe that guides them on how to manufacture each item (Slack, Brandon-jones & Johnston, 2014). Various considerations should be made to ensure sustainability on proposed changes. The first consideration is that students should embrace technology when producing the cupcakes and other items. Technology could help to produce high-quality items and promptly meet large market demand. Further, process mapping should be considered to ensure sustainability. Process mapping may help to manage the production process and ensure the needs of customers are met. It may also help to reduce flaws and resource wastage (Connor & Dovers,

Analyzing media-presented issues related to the nursing profession and Essay

Analyzing media-presented issues related to the nursing profession and nursing practice - Essay Example In March 2013, the ministry of health came up with an advertising campaign that which compared smoking with flatulence. The response of this advertisement is twofold, there is one group that supports it, arguing that it is effective in depicting smoking as an anti-social behavior. This is the stand that Hager (2013), an editor with the Ottawa Citizen. This is an online newsfeed that is only available via the internet. However, Quan (2013), an editor with the times news feed has a different opinion. According to her, the advert is ineffective in portraying smoking as an anti-social behavior. This is because flatulence is a normal activity among mammals. According to her, the advert encourages people to smoke because it portrays it as a normal behavior. This is because it uses the notion of flatulence. The third article that this paper analyzes is a journal article by Pechmann and Reibling (2000). This journal talks about how to create an effective anti-smoking advertisement campaign i n Canada, and the United States. It uses a case study approach in explaining the effective method of creating an advertisement campaign. Basing on that, this paper takes a stand that to create an effective anti-smoking advertisement; the creators of the advertisement must consider the age of the spokesman, the content of the message, and the manner in which the advertisers depict the behavior. Quan(2013) in her article argues against the use of flatulence in creating an anti-smoking advertisement campaign. According to her, flatulence is a normal biological process amongst mammals, and on this basis, equating smoking with flatulence sends a message that smoking is a normal social behavior. According to her, the intention of the advertisers was to denote that smoking is as embarrassing as engaging in a farting activity. This idea is wrong, and she denotes that there is nothing embarrassing with farting. She even further goes on to denote that even small children know that farting is a normal biological process. Quan (2013) describes the 53 seconds video advert. She denotes that the video depicts a young woman who admits that she farts at parties, but this does not make her a farter. According to Quan (2013), the intention of the advertisers was to denote that smoking is wrong, and it doesn’t matter where the act takes place. However, to her, the use of video in this campaign was ineffective, and therefore did not meet the objectives of the advertisers. Hager (2013) on the other hand does not agree with Quan. Hager denotes that the advertisement achieved its objective of depicting smoking as an anti-social behavior (2013). According to Hager, the target of the advertisement was people between the ages of 18 to 29. Hager denotes that farting is an embarrassing social behavior, and using this concept in the anti-smoking advertising campaign manages to give a message that smoking is an embarrassing and ridiculous social behavior. Hager (2013) further goes on to denote that the use of a young woman in the anti-smoking advertisement campaign is an effective method of reaching out to the young people. This is because they identify with her age. To support his opinion, Hager gives the number of views that the campaign got in the social media. He denotes that the advert got 36000 views within a week of its release. This to him is a proof that the advert was effective in sending out its message. Pechmann and Reibling (2000) on the other hand, in their Journal article describe how to create an

How I Learn to Driver Essay Example for Free

How I Learn to Driver Essay Learning something new can be a scary experience. One of the hardest things I’ve ever had to do was learn how to drive a car. I was always afraid driving a car especially on the freeway with a lot of fast running vehicles. However, I figured that driving was an important skill that I needed to learn. I also thought it would be very helpful. In additional, learning to drive a car also boosts my confidence. New situation always make me nervous, my first driving lesson was no exception. My husband was my driving instructor. He taught me from the very beginning, how to start an engine. Slowly stepped on the accelerator and as the car started to moved, I kept reminding myself I can do it. I was very nervous trying to control the car. While on the road, I had my full attention to the instructions my husband was telling me that I forgot I needed to focus on the road also. This is when I realized I needed to multi task in order to drive, which is something I’m not very good at. Not only do I have to fully understand what my husband was telling me, I needed to also watch the road and control both the accelerator and maneuver. Learning how to drive was not easy for me at all, especially having my husband as my instructor, whom is very impatient. On the first few days he was teaching me, he was not able to control his anger. He would yell at me on every small mistake I had. Which made me even more nervous, also could not fully focus on my driving. But as more days passed, he learned how to be patient on me. He became very understanding, accepted that I am still in the learning process on how to drive. It made things easier for me because I did not have to deal with him yelling at me, he told me the instructions politely instead. This help me understand his instructions better, focused on the road more and less nervous. After a few weeks of driving around with my husband, I got used to driving. I learned most of the things I needed to learn on driving a car. It boosts my confidence to know what I was doing and was doing well on it. I realized that I was a lot more confident than to the day I first started. It made me feel really good inside to know this. My husband then taught me the hardest parts of driving, like how to park between two cars. It was a struggle because it was completely different to driving on the road. This time I have to deal with two parked cars that do not have drivers in it to prevent me from hitting their cars. Thus, it was all on me, I had all the control. It was up to me whether I end up hitting their car or not. It was a lot of pressure but after a long process being very careful, I made it in, without any scratches on any of the cars. I felt so accomplished. As I learned almost everything on driving, from learning how to drive and park and also the traffic laws, I began to feel very right with no nervousness at all. That’s when it hit me; I know how to drive already. I can be in the road by myself and know that nothing bad will happen. It was a wonderful feeling, the feelings of triumph and success. Learning to drive was not easy for me, but in the end my persistence paid off. Not only I did learn how to drive and to conquer my fear driving in the freeway but also I learned to comprehend and obey its rules. Now when I am faced something new situation I feel less nervous. I may feel uncomfortable to begin with it, but I know that as I practice being in the situation, my skills will get better. I know that as long as I practice on it, I will feel more and more comfortable with it. Now I am not afraid to try something new, something I never thought I would get from learning how to drive. Learning how to drive is a wonderful feeling, free feeling when you achieve a goal you have set for yourself.